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COLUMBUS – Former Vice President Kamala Harris campaigned in Mississippi for Scott Colom on Thursday, calling the Democratic Senate nominee a historic candidate whose victory would send a statement that America has begun to reject President Donald Trump and his party.

Harris’ arrival followed a steady stream of campaigning for Colom by Democratic senators and a last-minute large investment from Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, as Democrats grow increasingly hopeful that Colom can pull off an upset over Republican Sen. Cindy Hyde-Smith in ruby-red Mississippi. 

Speaking to an energized crowd at the Columbus High School gym, where Colom played basketball as a youth, Harris said Mississippi’s increasingly competitive U.S. Senate race is a fight worth waging for Democrats. 

“We’ve got 12 days to make history. And I’ve traveled here because, indeed, Mississippi Matters,” Harris said, referencing Colom’s campaign slogan. “The power is with the people. And the people are with Scott.”

Republicans appear to be taking Colom’s challenge seriously. The day before Harris arrived in Mississippi, party leaders announced on Wednesday that President Donald Trump will campaign for Hyde-Smith in the northeastern town of Corinth on Monday.

The crowd at Colom’s rally chanted “Mississippi Matters!” throughout the evening, and cheered, “We want Scott!” as Colom continued to connect the high cost of gasoline and groceries to Hyde-Smith’s approval of Trump’s war with Iran and tariffs. Colom delighted the crowd with his favorite label for his Republican opponent: “Cindy High Prices.”  

“She’s given away our voice, she’s given it away to her MAGA daddy,” Colom said.  

Harris said Trump is leading “the most corrupt administration in American history,” and that Hyde-Smith, a devoted Trump ally, deserves to lose. 

“The junior senator from Mississippi voted in favor of a $1 trillion cut to Medicaid,” Harris said. “It doesn’t have to be this way. We deserve better.” 

Earlier on Thursday, Harris and Colom were at a community health center in Clarksdale for a roundtable discussion about rural healthcare. They were joined by U.S. Rep. Bennie Thompson, the lone Democratic member of Mississippi’s congressional delegation, whose district includes Clarksdale, as well as local doctors, a mother who lost a child as a result of inadequate healthcare access and other local leaders. 

Healthcare is an animating issue for voters in Mississippi, a state that has for years struggled with hospital closures and poor health outcomes. Mississippi, one of the nation’s poorest states, hasn’t expanded Medicaid, and many residents struggle to afford care. Throughout his campaign, Colom has hammered Hyde-Smith for voting for Trump’s so-called “One Big Beautiful Bill,” which slashed Medicaid funding. 

“Our junior senator is going to do nothing to fix rural healthcare in Mississippi,” Colom said. “She’s going to do nothing to fix hospitals in Mississippi. She’s made that clear. She’s got no solution. I’m offering solutions.”

Colom promised to work on reversing cuts to Medicaid and Affordable Care Act subsidies. 

Harris said voters in areas such as the Delta have the opportunity to turn their hardships into action by voting for Colom. 

“People are feeling and experiencing pain, and the feeling of being unseen, unheard, alone, hopeless and therefore feeling powerless,” Harris said. “This is a moment where we can understand in this election season with less than two weeks to go, we can turn that pain into purpose.”

Harris’ trip marks her second visit to Mississippi in the past year. She came to Jackson in January for her book tour and spoke before a packed crowd. 

Harris has said in multiple recent interviews that she’s focused on helping Democrats win in November. But she’s not ruled out another presidential campaign after losing the 2024 general election to Trump.

In a statement ahead of the rally, the Senate GOP’s campaign arm said Colom’s embrace of Harris shows he is out of touch with voters in a state Trump won handily 

“Scott Colom is a Chuck Schumer-backed, George Soros-funded, Transgender Defender so out of touch with Mississippi that he is campaigning with Kamala Harris, who lost the state by 22 points,” said NRSC Regional Press Secretary Samantha Cantrell. 

With a little over a week left until the midterm elections, Mississippi has become a surprising battleground state where national party figures are swarming the state to energize their bases. Former U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg will stump for Colom on the Gulf Coast on Tuesday. Those who have already visited Mississippi for Colom include Sens. Raphael Warnock of Georgia, Lisa Blunt Rochester of Delaware, Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island, Angela Alsobrooks of Maryland and Cory Booker of New Jersey.

Feeling confident about retaking the Senate and House majorities, Democratic leaders have begun to invest in Mississippi, a state that has long been solidly Republican in federal elections. But the state has the highest percentage of Black voters in the nation, a core voting bloc of the Democratic Party. 

If Mississippi, a state which hasn’t voted for a Democratic U.S. senator since 1982, were to elect Colom over Hyde-Smith, it would be an embarrassing rejection of Trump in the Deep South and prove a historic win in the state that hasn’t elected a Black person to a statewide or federal office since Reconstruction. 

Colom on Thursday seemed visibly moved by the possibility of Mississippi, a state that was the epicenter of the Civil Rights Movement and where white supremacists actively worked for decades to disenfranchise Black citizens, potentially electing its first Black statewide official. 

He told the crowd that the state has a chance to write “a new chapter” on Nov. 3 and depart from its past where candidates used divisive and sometimes racist rhetoric to divide voters. 

“So many times throughout history that worked,” Colom said. “But not this time.”

Sarah Whites-Koditschek and Mukta Joshi are investigative reporters at Mississippi Today spending a year as New York Times Local Investigations fellows. They can be reached at sarah.whites-koditschek@nytimes.com and mukta.joshi@nytimes.com.

Multiple experts who reviewed video footage of the police shooting in Senatobia said officers unnecessarily escalated the encounter and put themselves in harm’s way in the moments before one of them fired into a car, killing 1-year-old Kohen Wiley.

Six experts, including a forensic reconstructionist and five consultants in police training and use of force, said at least one of the officers clearly put himself at risk when he stepped in front of the car while pursuing two women accused of taking a box of diapers and baby clothes from Walmart.

That decision goes against training widely provided to law enforcement officers, who are taught not to stand in front of a car in an attempt to stop someone from fleeing, the experts said. 

It also appears to violate Senatobia Police Department’s use-of-force policy, which says an officer’s “first responsibility” is “to move out of the path of an on-coming vehicle.” 

“It’s just a tragedy. It could have been avoided,” said Chuck Wexler, executive director of the Police Executive Research Forum, a group that advises police departments on use of force. “You don’t stand in front of the car, period. You stand off to the side.” 

Reporters for Mississippi Today and The New York Times asked six policing and use-of-force experts and an attorney who defends law enforcement to examine video footage that was collected by state law enforcement and leaked to a Mississippi news outlet this week. The footage is incomplete, but provides the most detailed insight so far into how officers came to shoot Kohen during what began as a routine shoplifting call in June.

Kohen’s death set off protests in Senatobia and sparked outrage across the country, in part because Kohen, who is Black, was shot by a white police officer, who Mississippi Today later found had been accused by two separate colleagues of making racially offensive comments toward them. 

In September, Mississippi Today revealed that Harold Vanderford, the department’s chief who had taken no action against Foster in either complaint, routinely used racist slurs in text exchanges with a colleague in the department. Vanderford was fired soon after.  

Foster resigned from his position at the department this week, and city leadership accepted his resignation late Wednesday.

A close examination of the footage, in consultation with the experts, raises questions about how the officers responded, and whether Foster’s life was in danger when the shots were fired. It also leaves critical questions unanswered, including what the officers knew about the women they were chasing and whether any of them knew a child was in the car.

Of those who reviewed the footage for Mississippi Today, only David Mastagni, an attorney who represents police, defended the officers’ tactics. He cautioned against judging their actions based on video footage, saying it appears far different than what an officer experiences in the moment. 

“It’s capturing from a perspective, and it has tranquility and hindsight and all that, where we can slow it down and look at it,” he said. 

The other six experts were unanimous in many of their criticisms.

In the video, the confrontation with the officers begins after Latoya Ferrell, Vellesiya Wiley and her son Kohen have gotten into a gray sedan parked outside Walmart. An unidentified officer runs up to their driver side window and tries to open the door as the sedan pulls backward out of a parking spot. 

One officer yells, “Stop,” and the car pauses before continuing backward and slamming into an S.U.V. 

Several experts noted that this is the moment when at least two officers pull out their guns. Russ Hicks, a police consultant, former instructor and assistant commander, said the officers drew their weapons before the car drove toward them.   

“What concerns me is taking out the gun so quickly in this kind of a case,” Hicks said. “Officers only draw their guns if they believe they’re going to use them.”

The officers then surround the car, with two of them, including Foster, standing in front, in the only possible path for the driver to flee. 

Hicks called this a critical mistake that put the officers, the car’s occupants and bystanders at risk. 

“This is a provocational tactic where they’re standing in front of the cars and now saying, ‘I need to use deadly force,’” Hicks said. 

When the car moves forward, Foster appears to be in its path. The video shows the car’s front wheels turning left at the last moment in an apparent effort to avoid hitting him. As Foster pivots out of the way, he fires his gun and the car passes between him and another officer. 

Several of the experts took issue with Foster’s decision to fire. They said shooting into a car – even if it is threatening an officer’s safety – is almost always inappropriate because killing the driver is unlikely to bring the car to a stop and protect the officer.

“If you hit the driver, now you have an unguided missile,” said Geoffrey Alpert, a criminology professor at the University of South Carolina. 

Foster shoots four times, according to the experts who reviewed the video.

The officer’s first shot was fired when his right leg was in front of the car’s bumper on the passenger side, said Jeremy Bauer, a forensic reconstruction expert. By the second shot, the officer’s left hip is lined up with the right passenger mirror and his chest is parallel to the passenger side.  

In the third shot, “We actually see the evidence that he shoots into the right front passenger window,” Bauer said. “We see glass shatter.”

The final shot was fired when Foster was standing near the rear tire, he said. 

Mastagni said officers often experience a delay between facing a threat and firing. 

“It’s not uncommon that the bullet strikes at a different spot on the car than where the officer was intending to shoot at the time that they perceived the threat,” he said. 

The publication of the leaked footage set off a social media firestorm, and multiple local news outlets reported in definite language that the car had struck two officers. But the experts said it was impossible for them to determine whether the vehicle had made contact with any of the officers based on their immediate review of the video.  

In a press conference Wednesday, Gov. Tate Reeves said it was “very clear and evident” that the driver had “attempted to run over” the officer. But Reeves said he had not watched the video. 

The leaked footage does show the car coming close to Foster’s leg as it turns left away from him, but he does not appear injured after it passes. While the car is in reverse, its front bumper comes close to another officer’s foot and leg as he steps to the side away from the vehicle.

Both he and Foster join the other officers in running to their cars to continue the pursuit.

The state’s attorney general, Lynn Fitch, announced her office had found the shooting to be justified, and would not pursue criminal charges against Foster. She did not provide the reasoning for her decision, saying only that there was insufficient evidence of criminal conduct to present the case to a grand jury. 

“The bar for criminal prosecutions is obviously high. It’s probably extremely high in Mississippi,” said Michael Gennaco, a former federal civil rights prosecutor and founder of the OIR group, a police oversight consultancy. “But that doesn’t mean it wasn’t wrong, or ill-advised or tactically deficient.”

Gwen Dilworth contributed reporting. 

The University of Mississippi Medical Center broke ground Thursday on a cancer center officials say will help improve outcomes for patients in a state with some of the nation’s highest cancer mortality rates.

The new building is critical to the UMMC Cancer Center and Research Institute’s goal of achieving National Cancer Institute designation, which could expand Mississippians’ access to cutting-edge clinical trials and treatment options, officials said. 

“We have a real problem here in Mississippi with cancer outcomes,” said Dr. LouAnn Woodward, the medical center’s vice chancellor for health affairs, at the groundbreaking ceremony. “Mississippians need the highest level of cancer care and access to the latest clinical trials right here at home.” 

The five-story building will be located on State Street across from the medical center and “bring together education, research and treatment under one roof,” according to the project’s fundraising website. The site is adjacent to the American Cancer Society’s Jackson Hope Lodge, which provides free lodging to cancer patients and their caregivers. 

The National Cancer Institute is a part of the National Institutes of Health and recognizes cancer centers that meet rigorous requirements for laboratory and clinical research and translate scientific knowledge into innovative treatments for patients. 

There are 74 NCI-designated centers nationwide, but none in Mississippi, Louisiana or Arkansas. Cancer patients in Mississippi seeking care at a designated center must travel out of state to receive care. Nearby states with NCI-designated centers include Alabama, Tennessee and Texas. 

If the cancer center achieves this designation, it will not only serve Mississippi families, but also people in neighboring states, Gov. Tate Reeves said Thursday. 

“We’re working to save lives well beyond our borders,” Reeves said. 

Speakers at the groundbreaking ceremony praised Woodward for her work advocating for the cancer center, noting the accomplishment is a fitting capstone to her more than four decades at UMMC. Woodward announced Oct. 15 that she plans to retire in June 2027. Dr. Alan Jones, the medical center’s associate vice chancellor for health affairs, will succeed her. 

Jones said the achievement of NCI designation will take time. 

“But we will achieve it, and we will change the outcomes of cancer patients,” he said. “That is our promise.”

Funding for the center has been drawn from state and federal sources and private donors. Reeves in April signed legislation appropriating $100 million in state funds to build the cancer center. 

Mississippi’s congressional delegation has supported the appropriation of $22 million in federal funds toward cancer research labs and the new cancer center building, and UMMC has requested $16 million in federal support for the project for the upcoming fiscal year, Woodward said. 

John and Sandy Black of Madison donated $25 million to support the new facility in 2025. The medical center has raised more than 80% of its $125 million capital campaign goal, according to a press release. 

A new building is just one piece of the medical center’s efforts to gain the designation. Dr. Rodney Rocconi, the director of UMMC’s cancer center, previously told Mississippi Today that achieving it will require the center to recruit faculty, expand its research capacity and demonstrate strong programming in community outreach and prevention.

Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in Mississippi, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The disease disproportionately affects Black Mississippians, who in 2022 had a 13% higher cancer mortality rate than white residents, according to a 2025 report by the Mississippi State Department of Health.

Only six counties in Mississippi fall below the national average of 143 cancer deaths per 100,000 people, according to 2020-2024 data from the National Cancer Institute. Some counties, including Humphreys, Tunica and Issaquena — all located in the Mississippi Delta — have death rates nearly twice as high as the national average. 

Eddie Moore, 44, of Clinton, was diagnosed with lung cancer in 2020 and given a prognosis of three months to live. He is still receiving treatment at UMMC. 

He said Thursday he is grateful for the treatment he has received at UMMC and believes the construction of a new cancer center will help more people like him.

“It’s a hope for the future,” he said. 

Mukta Joshi is an investigative reporter at Mississippi Today. She is spending a year as a New York Times Local Investigations fellow examining immigration and criminal justice issues. She can be reached at mukta.joshi@nytimes.com.

BATESVILLE – The family of Kohen Wiley, the 1-year-old boy fatally shot by the Senatobia police this summer, gathered with state officials Thursday to view unredacted footage of the confrontation, two days after leaked clips were published by a local news outlet and widely circulated on social media.

The viewing was arranged by the Mississippi Bureau of Investigation in Batesville, the family’s hometown, and was closed to the public. Only the toddler’s parents, grandmothers and two members of the family’s legal team were allowed inside. 

The Mississippi attorney general, Lynn Fitch, said on Monday that her office would not seek criminal charges against Hunter Foster, the Senatobia officer who fired his weapon at a car while officers pursued two women accused of stealing diapers and baby clothes from a Walmart on June 14. 

Kohen’s mother, Vellesiya Wiley, walked out of the meeting after watching the first clip, which had been captured by Foster’s body-worn camera. Wiley said she had already been hesitant to attend after seeing the leaked footage two days before. She said she felt she didn’t need to see any more, especially after Fitch said the shooting was justified. 

Kohen’s death set off local protests and raised questions about why the police needed to use deadly force over what appeared to be a minor crime. 

READ MORE: Senatobia officer put himself in harm’s way before fatally shooting 1-year-old Kohen Wiley, experts say 

At least five officers chased the women into the parking lot and then drew their guns when a car carrying Kohen and the women backed out of a parking space and tried to flee. 

The car, driven by Latoya Ferrell, moved in the direction of two officers. The authorities publicly stated at the time that the car nearly struck one of them. In the body camera and surveillance footage leaked this week, it is difficult to tell if the car hit any of the officers. 

Foster, the only officer investigated by state authorities in the incident, fired his weapon four times, the footage showed. Foster has not responded to multiple requests from Mississippi Today reporters for comment over the past several months. Martin Zummach, Foster’s lawyer, said Monday that the attorney general’s decision was “expected” and “overdue.”

Wiley’s mother, Veronica Roberson, who attended the meeting Thursday, said footage from the shooter’s body camera clearly showed he was beside the car, not in front of it, when he fired some of his shots. State officials did not slow down the video or give a frame-by-frame presentation to the family, Ben Crump, the family’s lawyer, said.

The shooter’s body-cam footage was not included in leaked clips published this week by Darkhorse Press, a Mississippi news outlet. State officials are expected to publicly release the video now that the family has viewed it.

Roberson said that the family tried to ask officials about details of the encounter during the private screening, but they said they “weren’t going to get into all that.”

The footage shown in the screening began with a group of officers sitting in a room inside the Walmart, watching unrelated security footage, Crump said. A person who apparently worked at the store and had tried to stop Ferrell and Wiley near the exit then entered the room and said, “They’re running.” Video shows officers sprinting out to surround the car carrying the two women and the toddler. 

Roberson said that when they asked officials if the car had injured any officers, “they said the car had made contact with Foster.” 

The footage leaked this week shows the car driving toward Foster but turning away from him as it gets close to him. Foster puts his hand on the hood of the car and pivots to avoid being hit. He does not fall down. It is difficult to discern whether the car touches his body. He then continues running and chasing the car along with other officers after the car had passed. In subsequent footage, he is seen standing outside the hospital where Kohen was declared dead. 

Shortly after the viewing, Crump held a press conference in Senatobia and criticized the attorney general’s determination that the shooting was justified, repeating that the shot from the side was not justified. He questioned the officers’ drawing guns in response to alleged shoplifting, which would have amounted to a misdemeanor offense. Neither woman has been charged. 

Van Turner, the Mississippi lawyer representing Kohen’s family as a member of Crump’s legal team, said he would ask federal authorities to review the footage.

The Mississippi Legislative Black Caucus called for Fitch to give a detailed explanation of how she had reached her decision, and for an independent review of the Senatobia Police Department’s practices.

“Attorney General Fitch cannot reasonably expect public confidence in a decision the public has not been given the evidence to evaluate,” Representative Kabir Karriem, chairman of the caucus, said in a news release. “Announcing that a review is complete does not fulfill the responsibility to explain how a police encounter ended with a baby dead.” 

Mississippi Today Justice and Special Projects Editor Debbie Skipper contributed reporting. 

Mississippi Today Ideas is a platform for thoughtful ideas to be shared about our state’s past, present and future. Opinions expressed in guest essays are the author’s own and do not necessarily represent those of Mississippi Today. You can read more about the section here.   

I first heard William Faulkner’s quote “To understand the world you must first understand a place like Mississippi” from Chris Routh, former Hinds County deputy public defender.

These words were an invitation that would come to resonate far more deeply over the next five years as my husband and I traversed across the state, two parts of a small but mighty filmmaking team behind The Dead Zone, a Sundance-supported feature documentary exploring the presumption of innocence in America. 

As a documentarian, I embed myself in people’s lives, sometimes for years, to intimately understand their lived experiences in pursuit of telling stories that reveal something deeper about the human condition and the systems that shape us. 

Faulkner’s words took on a complicated duality. The state became both a cautionary tale – a place where the failures of our criminal legal system are impossible to ignore – and a source of unexpected hope for what it might take to confront one of the most urgent human rights crises of our time.

When I first embarked on this film back in 2021, America was experiencing a racial reckoning over social injustices and a surge of criminal justice reforms ensued. Progressive prosecutors were elected across the country and public sentiment in favor of bail reform gained momentum.

However, as fears of rising crime skyrocketed, and tensions over constitutional rights exploded, criminal justice reforms started to go in a pendulum swing. Our cultural and political silos made it nearly impossible to collaborate on meaningful solutions.

Nearly 400,000 people were stuck in jail before trial, presumed innocent. This is the equivalent of nearly every Ole Miss homegame football attendee over the course of a season being detained behind bars.

I set out to understand this issue, why the pretrial population had skyrocketed and how our so-called ideals –  like the presumption of innocence, due process, equality under the law – clashed with our lived realities.

I originally set out to explore issues like cash bail, unlawful detention and their relationship to community safety. Yet an old adage in filmmaking is that you might start with an idea of what your film is, but over time the true film will reveal itself to you. And if you end in the same place you started, it probably wasn’t that good of a story in the first place.

After speaking with dozens of legal experts, directly impacted people, advocates and law enforcement officers, I realized I needed to take a systemic approach and document the story from multiple perspectives inside the system –  public defenders, judges, prosecutors and the accused.

One name kept emerging from across our conversations: Public Defender Chris Routh in Jackson. It turned out Mississippi was part of the epicenter of change and hope where I needed to be. The story was revealing itself.

The night before we met Chris, my husband and I sampled beers at Fertile Ground brewery to ease into the filming week in Jackson. The next day we drove to the Hinds County Public Defender’s office downtown. The receptionist buzzed us in, and I immediately noticed the flickering fluorescent lights, magazines from years past scattered across the lobby coffee tables, and a few Christmas decorations still up despite it being May.

But what really caught my eye was a sign on a wall that said: “I hear much of people’s calling out to punish the guilty, but very few are concerned to clear the innocent.” Daniel Defoe.

We sat down and got to know Chris and Chief Public Defender Gail Lowry. Little did they know that this first meeting would inspire a years-long collaboration in the making of this film. We embedded in their office and in Hinds County courtrooms observing quietly and patiently as their undersized but dedicated team took on thousands of cases – from bail hearings to trials – during record turnover.

Over the course of the first year of our filming, their office lost 10 out of 12 lawyers, all of them to higher paying positions that the defender’s office couldn’t match.

Chris and Gail persevered through the storm, working tirelessly to bring in additional funding, attract, train and retain new lawyers all the while managing their own heavy caseloads. A Sisyphean call, but an essential one.

About 80% of defendants in Mississippi require a public defender, yet it’s one of just five states in the country that lack a statewide public defender system.

This is one reason Andre de Gruy, state public defender for Mississippi, has been fighting to address a lack of public defenders, a shortage exacerbated by a myriad of issues like poverty, lack of alternatives to pretrial detention and prosecutorial accountability.

These factors created the perfect storm of people waiting years for their trial in overcrowded jails not convicted of any crime. The gruesome reality of this limbo is that an estimated two people die every day in jail in America awaiting trial.

Unique to Mississippi, the accused oftentimes lack consistent public defenders and could be held with no time limit. This limbo is referred to as the “Dead Zone,” a term used by Jerry Mitchell who reported on this situation.

Attorney Michael Carr, who represented indigent clients in the Delta, also told us that to understand the human toll of the Dead Zone we had to talk to one man in particular: Duane Lake.

Duane grew up in Clarksdale, and was the father of three young children at the time he was arrested for a triple homicide. He went on to spend over six years trapped in a mold and rat-infested jail awaiting trial. His charge carried the threat of the death penalty and legislators had been floating bringing back death by firing squad at one point.

For three of those years, Duane was stuck in legal limbo without a lawyer – the Dead Zone – because there was no one to represent him between his arrest and his indictment. His indictment took three years in part due to how infrequently the grand jury meets and a lack of available defenders.

We met Duane about a year after a jury found him not guilty. He had moved out of state to Kentucky to rebuild his life. Unlike someone who is convicted and later exonerated, Duane was not entitled to any compensation or recourse because he was held pretrial. Not even an apology.

Like Chris, Duane embraced us cautiously but with open arms. We first filmed him making Mississippi soul food delicacies in his new home in Louisville: grits with plenty of butter and a little bit of sugar. Very quickly, Duane let us into his world and opened up to us, letting us document his journey of building a new life while confronting the realities of what he had just lived through and lost.

Filmmakers inhabit a privileged but complex role. Those privileges include seeing the world through new perspectives and getting to witness the lives of others. 

In Jackson, we traveled through elevators at the state public defender’s office gilded with reliefs of Robert E. Lee (the building’s original namesake), through the breezy doors of Hal and Mal’s restaurant, up the carpeted stairs of First Baptist Church for public safety speakouts and through the speakeasy hallway behind Brent’s drugs in Jackson’s Fondren community.

We sampled hot tamales in Cleveland, on the way to the crossroads of Clarksdale and savored the best gumbo we’ve ever had – homemade by Chris himself. We filmed wind turbines whipping in the horizon as cotton rows – an omnipresent reminder of the state’s past – reflected hazy pink sunsets along the Delta highway.

These details may seem ancillary, but they became part of how we came to know Mississippi and, more importantly, how we came to know the people who invited us into their lives.

For us, filmmaking begins with relationships. We believe you have to build trust before you can ask someone to share the most vulnerable parts of their lives. That takes time, honesty, consistency and a willingness to be transparent about who you are, why you’re there, and what you hope to understand. It also means showing up long after the cameras stop rolling.

For us, we couldn’t look away from the injustices we came to witness and the stories we heard from Duane and Chris. We kept coming back and we kept being invited back.

From Chris to Duane and our two additional main participants – Judge Genesis Draper in Houston and Memphis District Attorney Steve Mulroy – this story revealed itself as a powerful, intimate portrait of our country at a crucial inflection point and of the people on the frontlines protecting our justice system against insurmountable odds. Our film asks us all to ponder: Do we still uphold and believe in the core values we claim to? Or is the presumption of innocence dead?

Chris and Duane showed us the importance of keeping on this story, why it matters and the impact it could make. Through all four of our protagonists’ personal journeys, we observed challenges to improving a system that was designed to be broken, but also opportunities for change and above all, the importance of bearing witness.

By cutting through partisan politics and courtroom silos, we hope our film can disarm preconceived notions allowing audiences to embrace a different trajectory forward – one that puts humanity, equality and compassion on a pedestal.

In late 2023, inspired in large part by Duane’s story, Mississippi passed legislation ending the Dead Zone. By law, people who can’t afford a lawyer are now entitled to continuous representation throughout the pretrial process starting from their initial appearance. In theory no longer will a person go without a lawyer between arrest and indictment like Duane.

Earlier this year, Gail Lowry fought and received additional funding for the Hinds County public defenders office. Andre de Gruy is working with groups like the Deason Criminal Justice Reform Center to forward new pilot programs across the state to dramatically decrease unnecessary lengthy pretrial detention and provide adequate representation from the start.

Indeed, Faulker was right that Mississippi is a lens through which we can better understand our country, and the world.

When we widen the lens, Mississippi could still be the example for the rest of the country. The cradle of our nation’s most challenging issues could also possess the heart of our greatest solutions. 

Emily Thomas is a documentary filmmaker, cinematographer and founder of Lemon Tree Productions. Her work is rooted in intimately documenting the human experience to illuminate pressing social justice and environmental issues. She recently was the cinematographer on Baby Doe (SXSW ‘25), the associate producer of Bodyguard of Lies (Tribeca ‘25, Paramount+), and director of Last Days at Paradise High (The New Yorker). As a cinematographer, she has worked on films for Netflix, VICE, The New Yorker, PBS and Frontline. Previously, she was a journalist for VICE, Storyful and The Huffington Post, and was an open source investigator at the Human Rights Center. She is a PGA Create alum, a Prison Journalism Project mentor and a graduate of UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism. She is currently directing the feature documentary, The Dead Zone, and is based in Baltimore.

The Dead Zone documentary is currently in post-production, to learn more or to bring a screening of the film to your community and be part of the impact campaign get in touch with the film team here: https://www.deadzonefilm.com/

Many Americans – particularly white Americans – have zero-sum ideas about race, or they believe that one group’s win must mean another group’s loss, author and public policy expert Heather McGhee says.

These ideas are “a framework that is relentlessly marketed to white people by people who have a political and economic profit to gain from that kind of thinking,” she told an audience Wednesday night in Jackson. 

“It was originally sort of developed in order to justify enslavement. It was sold to the masses of Europeans who were here who were never going to be part of the colonial plantation class, who were never going to be the very wealthy,” she explained.

“And they were sold a racial bargain as a way to stop what at that point had become a rising movement of white-Black cross-race servant uprisings,” she explained.

During Operation Shoestring’s “Conversation About Community” event at the Two Mississippi Museums, McGhee said racist policies harm all of society, not just people of color.

McGhee discussed ideas found in her book, “The Sum of Us: What Racism Costs Everyone and How We Can Prosper Together,” based on her 2020 TED talk. She was joined by Robert Luckett, director of Jackson State University’s Margaret Walker Center.

In researching for her book, she found that racist politics and policy-making have prevented advancements in many areas, from education to labor unions. 

One example she gave was the Oak Park swimming pool in Montgomery, Alabama. The Oak Park facility was one of thousands of public swimming pools constructed during the New Deal Era, but it shut down in the 1960s to avoid serving racially integrated crowds.

McGhee called it, “a perfect metaphor to describe what we had lost in our society” when the New Deal consensus on the government having an obligation to invest in public goods fell apart due to the backlash against racial integration. 

Despite challenges such as artificial intelligence and the movement opposing diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives, she remains optimistic about the power of people to create change. 

“We have to be willing to stand up together with a shared sense of purpose and say, ‘We have to rewrite these rules together,’” McGhee said.

After a question-and-answer segment, audience members were encouraged to buy copies of McGhee’s book and could line up to have them signed.

The groups will finish the book by Dec. 11, then reunite at the Two Mississippi Museums again on Jan. 19, for the National Day of Racial Healing. That day, there will be a conversation with Gail Christopher, the holiday’s founder and McGhee’s mother.

Community advocate Celess-Mari Johnson drove three hours up from the Gulf Coast to hear McGhee speak. She was joined by a few college friends, and they plan to form their own reading group.

She has already begun reading her copy of McGhee’s book. “I think the title says it all,” Johnson said.

“There’s a cost at all levels for everybody involved, and not just one population, not just one generation,” she added.

Mississippi lawmakers are considering legislation to ban sales of synthetic kratom products after the deaths of two University of Mississippi students.

Rep. Lee Yancey, a Republican from Brandon, is considering legislation to ban synthetic kratom products, while Sen. Nicole Boyd, a Republican from Oxford, wants to give state officials authority to temporarily remove potentially harmful substances from store shelves. Other officials, including Lt. Gov. Delbert Hosemann and State Health Officer Dan Edney, have called for tighter restrictions.  

The renewed discussions follow the Sept. 21 deaths of Aidan Hamilton, 18, and Robert Strang, 20, in separate incidents in Oxford. Investigators discovered kratom products while examining the students’ deaths, and federal authorities have since charged a store clerk and his son with selling illegal kratom. 

Kratom comes from a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia. Its effects can vary by dose, producing stimulant-like effects at lower doses and opioid-like effects at higher doses. The substance is sold in gummies, tablets and drinkable shots, mainly at gas stations and convenience stores. 

At Ole Miss, officials have been encouraging students to use drug education and wellness services and resources from the university’s William Magee Center, said Jacob Batte, a university spokesperson. 

Hosemann called for a statewide ban in an op-ed the Magnolia Tribune published this month. 

A law already restricts access to kratom. In 2025, Gov. Tate Reeves signed a bill into law prohibiting kratom sales to anyone younger than 21 and outlawing a synthetic form of the substance. 

Yancey, who authored the 2025 law, said he believes synthetic forms are the most dangerous. There needs to be another layer of protection for consumers, he said. 

The state Senate has been reluctant to ban the products, Yancey said, so he’s also exploring legislation that would classify kratom as controlled substances and ban over-the-counter sales.

Boyd said she is considering introducing a bill that would give a state agency, such as the state Board of Health, authority to temporarily remove potentially harmful products from store shelves until lawmakers could take further action. Lawmakers would need to determine whether violations would result in administrative penalties or criminal charges, what testing would be required and how much enforcement would cost. 

“We’re all looking and thinking through the steps that need to be put in place and in a comprehensive way to get these poisons off our shelves and make sure it isn’t getting to students and our youth,” Boyd said. 

The Legislature has been discussing kratom bans for more than six years, and simply passing another law wouldn’t be a magic bullet, said Sen. Daniel Sparks, a Republican from Belmont. Banning one substance could prompt manufacturers to sell similar products under different names, Sparks said. 

Some Mississippi communities are already enforcing their own restrictions on kratom. Sales and possession of kratom have been prohibited in Oxford since 2019. Lafayette County has had a local ban in place since January 2021. A  Sept. 30 statement from Lafayette County Metro Narcotics Unit called on lawmakers to ban synthetic kratom in statewide. 

Edney said he supports classifying kratom leaf as a schedule III controlled substance.That’s what the lawmakers did in 2023, with a law  categorizing tianeptine also known as “ZaZa” and “Tianaa,” with other drugs such as ketamine and anabolic steroids. 

“I think we can all agree that any potentially addictive substance, that’s even beneficial in other ways, at least needs to be determined safe,” Edney said. “And, right now we can’t say the kratom supply in the state of Mississippi is safe.”  

Taylor Vance and Gwen Dilworth contributed to this report.

Mississippi State Health Officer Dr. Dan Edney is becoming  president of a national nonprofit organization representing public health agencies across the United States, the group announced Wednesday. 

Edney will lead the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials for a one-year term while continuing to lead the Mississippi State Department of Health. He plans to focus his presidency on maternal and infant health, rural health and highlighting the important work of states and territories, according to a press release from the association. 

“Our nation’s public health leaders face increasingly complex challenges, but we also have tremendous opportunities to strengthen our public health system through collaboration, innovation and a shared commitment to improving the health of every community,” Edney said. “I am honored to serve as ASTHO president and look forward to working with my colleagues to advance policies and partnerships that support a healthier nation.”

ASTHO’s members are chief health officials from across the U.S. The organization works to develop public health leaders, support their agencies through training and technical assistance, and advocate for resources and policies that improve public health. 

Edney spent the past year serving as the organization’s president-elect. He succeeds Dr. Manisha Juthani, commissioner of the Connecticut Department of Public Health, as president. 

“It is a real privilege to welcome Dr. Edney as ASTHO’s next president,” said Dr. Joseph Kanter, the organization’s CEO. “He brings a remarkable depth of experience — not only as a visionary state health leader guiding Mississippi through critical public health milestones, but also as a frontline clinician deeply committed to tackling complex challenges like the opioid crisis.”

Edney has served as Mississippi’s state health officer since August 2022. He succeeded Dr. Thomas Dobbs. Edney previously served as the state agency’s deputy state health officer and chief medical officer and worked closely with Dobbs on the department’s COVID-19 response. 

He is also a former president of the Mississippi State Medical Association and former board member of the Mississippi State Board of Medical Licensure. He was in private practice in Vicksburg for more than 30 years, and is a board-certified general internist with a subspecialty board certification in addiction medicine.

Three-time Grammy Award winner, 16-time Blues Music Awards winner, living blues legend and master showman Bobby Rush has entertained audiences worldwide in a career of more than seven decades, so safe to assume he is easy to spot, particularly at home in Jackson.

And yet, Rush managed to sneak into rehearsals at New Stage Theatre, as cast and crew careened toward opening night of a new musical about him, and hide. 

“I cheated a little bit, because I was here when they started, but I didn’t even want him to know,” Rush said, grinning as he pointed toward his co-writer on the musical and the show’s co-director and conceiver Stephen Helper. 

Rush scooched down in his seat to show how he hid about five rows back, lifting his head a bit for a peek at the action. He wanted to watch Helper’s reactions, see any changes in the show and judge whether actors liked the script (“You can always tell,” Rush said). But he didn’t want to make them nervous.

Then in rehearsal, the actor playing Rush walked down from the stage and into the aisle, playing to seats yet to be filled, when “Oh!” He found the man himself. “Mr. Rush is in the house, I see!”

Theater-goers will find Rush there, too — not ducking between rows, but in Rush’s life story up on the stage, from sharecropper to blues superstar with a big batch of his songs propelling the journey.  “Slippin’ Through the Cracks: The Bobby Rush Musical” has its world premiere this week at New Stage Theatre. 

A $49,000 National Endowment for the Arts grant supported the world premiere production. Visit Mississippi, Visit Jackson, Times Square Production and Hinds County Board of Supervisors are also sponsors.

The show’s title is a nod to the musician’s wits and persistence to slip through the cracks in obstacles such as prejudice, hardship and loss to pursue his dreams.

The show’s run through Nov. 1 is the culmination of a goal set years back.

The inspiration for it came through the car radio as playwright Helper, best-known for co-conceiving the Broadway smash hit “Smokey Joe’s Cafe,” drove down the road one day. Rush’s sly and saucy song “Sue” grabbed his ear, made him laugh and set up shop in his imagination.

“It was bluesy but really funny,” said Helper, who also recognized a bit of vaudeville timing in the tune. “Its timing is impeccable. I thought if I heard that song in a theater, I’d have a great, great time. That was the kernel.”

Research about Rush revealed a story ripe for telling on the theater stage, and Helper reached out about creating a musical. As he and Rush worked on the project, a partnership bloomed into friendship. New Stage Theatre has worked with the show’s creators since 2021.

“I wanted to grow it from its roots,” Helper said of the musical. New Stage Theatre helped shepherd it along.

New Stage’s summer 2022 workshop reading had actors in folding chairs with still photos projected overhead to set scenes. Even with that bare-bones setup, players’ skills, its powerful story and the score packed with Rush’s songs electrified the experience, for a show that guests lapped up and grooved to.

More than a half dozen actors from that workshop are back in the world premiere, including Mark Henderson as older Bobby Rush. Also returning for the premiere production are Hosea Griffith, Nicholas Patrick, Vershaune Stamps, Joy Brashears Amerson, Jayla M. Lomax and Chris Roebuck. They are joined by Actors’ Equity members Rajeer Alford and Melessie Clark, Jaden White, Grady Champion, Quintin Powell, Joe Tomberlin and Nancy Bigelow Cheney.

Money raised from the workshop helped fund a similar presentation in New York City, which raised money for a production. A one-night concert at Chicago’s Goodman Theatre kicked off that theater’s New Stages Festival in 2023.

“Then, it’s just been some perseverance on my part,” Helper said. Noting New Stage Artistic Director Francine Thomas Reynolds’ interest in helping further the show or do a production, “It’s just taken that amount of time to get a slot,” he said. In the meantime, he fleshed out some bits, and tucked others tighter.

Premiering it in the South was important, he said, “in the roots, from its culture, from a cast who really knows the blues, who knows Bobby Rush’s music. They are just born with a kind of knowledge that informs the show.” He and co-director/choreographer Matthew Johnson Harris can draw upon that to keep a real sense of authenticity.

“This is the chance to really try it all out, in front of an audience, not on folding chairs but with people who’ve paid money to come,” Helper said.

The setting is ripe, too, because it is Rush’s home. 

“He’s an international hero, but he’s also a local hero,” Helper added. “It’s important for a Jackson audience to celebrate its own.”

Choreographer Harris embraced his luck, working on this musical with Rush’s music and the sweep of time it covers. “The nearly 93 years that Bobby has been on this Earth allows me to really use African-American social dancing from the 1930s, ‘40s, ‘50s, ‘60s, ‘70s, ‘80s, ‘90s and 2000s, and tell a story of joy and resilience,” he said. It offers a glimpse, too, at the evolution of dance moves, from the Charleston in early juke joint sequences, to a more ‘90s-based Kid ‘n Play move in the second act.

“What I hope to bring through movement and also through, just, cultural dramaturgy, is a love letter to Bobby, to Mississippi, to Black culture, to Black dance,” Harris said, “and use that as another storytelling device to just track time.”

Amid all the song and dance in “Slippin’ Through the Cracks,” there runs a strong thread of resilience. 

“Any woman or man in life is doomed to fail,” Rush said. “It’s not if, it’s when. But when you fall and you can get up, that’s the important thing of life. If you can’t get up, have enough strength to turn over and look up.”

At 92, Rush is still learning, he said. “I still have hope. I’m still enthused about the things that I do. And I still would rather do it well enough to make sure that people like what I’m doing. 

“Even if they don’t like it, they can say, ‘Well, I don’t like Bobby Rush, but damn, he’s good.’” Rush chuckled, along with Helper and Harris. “That’s all that matters to me.”

Ditto for this musical about a lifelong entertainer. 

“It has to be good,” Rush said.

Inspiration is built into his tale of surviving and thriving, wrapped up in and swept along by the folk funk grooves, humor and heart that made Rush a blues superstar.

“If I can slip through the cracks and be where I’ve been, and who I am as a blues singer and a Black man at that — if I can make it, you can, too,” Rush said.

That is a message that has already hit home. Harris, though blessed to work in commercial theater in New York City for several years, still felt “othered” because of his humble beginnings, even in rooms with all-Black peers (some who’d gone to Yale or Juilliard) or in shows about Black lived experience, he said. 

Rush’s song “Just Be Yourself” became his mantra and a life goal, and seeing Rush live in concert was a liberation, he said.

“As he was up there, being so much himself, and he ended, saying, ‘If a dirt-poor country boy can make it, so can you,’” Harris said, his own perspective shifted. He told himself, “You are here, working on Broadway and you are thriving and you are a young Black man in 2026. Could you imagine being a young Black man in 1956, like Bobby had to be?”

That “you can, too” line has always been in this show, Helper said. 

“But when it’s represented and spoken by a man who can prove it and lived it and had to work around so many obstacles to achieve it … the content of those words is so much more profound.

“It’s a great thought and we all want to subscribe to it when it’s said by you,” Helper turned to Rush, “and hopefully by little Bobby Rush in our show, it will land in the same way.”

Performances of “Slippin’ Through the Cracks; The Bobby Rush Musical” continue at 7 nightly through Saturday, on Oct. 27 and Oct. 29-31, 2 p.m. Sunday and Nov. 1, and at a special 1 p.m. matinee on Oct. 28. Tickets — $50 with discounts for students, senior citizens, military and groups — are on sale at New Stage Theatre; call 601-948-3533 ext. 223 or visit newstagetheatre.com. 

Gov. Tate Reeves on Wednesday awarded $32 million for healthcare workforce development and psychiatric emergency services as a part of a federal program to improve rural healthcare.

The 60 awards will support earn-while-you-learn programs for healthcare workers, workforce recruitment efforts, clinical mentorship projects and bolster interest in healthcare careers among middle and high school students. 

“These projects address different healthcare professions, but they share a common goal: removing the training bottlenecks that limit how many qualified professionals we can prepare to serve Mississippi,” Reeves said at a Wednesday press conference. 

The funds will also help establish three therapeutic units at hospital emergency departments to improve crisis mental healthcare.

Reeves was flanked by State Health Officer Dr. Dan Edney and Courtney Taylor, executive director of AccelerateMS, the state’s workforce development agency. Both agencies are collaborating with the governor’s office to distribute and oversee the funding awards. 

This is the second round of funding announced by Reeves as a part of the federal Rural Health Transformation Program. Mississippi was awarded nearly $206 million in December as a part of the national $50 billion program. States will receive payments over five years for initiatives designed to bolster rural healthcare and offset the disproportionate impact that federal spending cuts President Donald Trump signed into law in July 2025 are expected to have on rural hospitals.

In September, the governor announced 167 awards worth $104 million for projects aimed at helping rural providers make facility improvements, expand service offerings, upgrade technology systems, bolster cybersecurity defenses and increase telehealth capacity.

Nearly 400 applicants requested roughly $241 million in funding for the four workforce grants awarded. In total, state officials awarded roughly $19.2 million to these projects. 

Reeves said the programs will help to address Mississippi’s healthcare provider shortage. Programs he highlighted Wednesday include those to help licensed practical nurses become registered nurses while continuing to work, train experienced practitioners to mentor students and strengthen the rural pharmacy workforce. 

“We have Mississippians who want to work in healthcare, and we have communities that need healthcare professionals,” he said. “We’re bringing those two things together by making training more accessible, by helping people advance their careers and by building a workforce that can serve their own communities for years to come.”

University of Mississippi Medical Center Greenwood, Merit Health Central in Jackson and Memorial Hospital Gulfport will establish psychiatric emergency service units to expand access to specialized care for people experiencing mental health crises.

“Far too often, families in our state and others find themselves waiting in emergency rooms for far too long, before their loved ones receive appropriate psychiatric care,” said Reeves. “That’s really not the way it should be, and we’re going to work hard to change that.”

Applications are also open for small, rural providers to adopt or upgrade electronic health records, and for innovative pilot programs that aim to improve healthcare. The state is also seeking proposals for a statewide health information exchange to allow health care providers to securely share patient information and coordinate care.

“The frustrations of our rural providers in not having the patient information they need in real time will be eliminated,” Edney said. 

He said the exchange will also be a source of data that can help the Mississippi State Department of Health better understand health problems and propose solutions. 

Reeves previously said Mississippi has submitted its request for second-year funding as part of the Rural Health Transformation Program to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and expects to receive word by November on the amount of federal funding allocated to the state.